Unit 3: Solutions to oppression - ELIC 140 - Luman - Civic Engagement - Research Guides at Modesto Junior College Library

Persuasion and power strategies

Overcoming Oppression With Power
An overview of power strategies by Morton Deutsch.
Overcoming Oppression With Persuasion
An overview of persuasion strategies (appeals to moral values, appeals to self-interest, and appeals to self-realization) by Morton Deutsch.
Persuasion Tactics: Petitions
Oxfam, "a global organization that fights inequality to end poverty and injustice," published this article on the effectiveness of petitions to create change.

Overview of the Largest Protests in History

The main source for the statistics in the video below is Wikipedia, and the numbers are estimates, but the video gives an overwiew of some of the largest and most impactful protests in history as of November 2020. It's here to provide possible topic ideas.

Current movements

BLACK LIVES MATTER (movement in response to police brutality)

Black Lives Matter
Overview article from Race & Ethnic Relations in America
Black Lives Matter website
The Special Moral Obligations of Law Enforcement
Article from the Journal of Political Philosophy argues the moral issues around police brutality.
How Black Lives Matter Reached Every Corner of America
An analysis of the BLM protests all over the United States from May 26 to June 9, 2020

MARCH FOR OUR LIVES / #NeverAgain (movement in response to school shootings)

March for Our Lives website
Gun Violence
Overview article from CQ Researcher
One Year After the Parkland Shooting, is the #NeverAgain Movement on Track to Succeed?
February 14, 2019 analysis from the Washington Post

STANDING ROCK PROTESTS / #NoDAPL (movement in protest of the Dakota Access Pipeline)

Stand With Standing Rock website
The Youth Group That Launched a Movement at Standing Rock
January 2017 article from the New York Times Magazine
Summary of Letter Requesting Further Review of the Dakota Access Pipeline (DAPL) and Memorandum Opinion re. Vacatur
Historical document from Defining Documents in American History

DREAMER MOVEMENT (movement in response to American immigration laws)

Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) and Deferred Action for Parents of Americans (DAPA)
Article from Immigration and Migration: In Context
Status of Current DACA Litigation
September 2023 update from the National Immigration Law Center
How the Dreamers Learned to Play Politics
September 2017 article from Politico Magazine

WOMEN'S MOVEMENT IN THE MIDDLE EAST

Women's rights in the Islamic world
2017 overview article from the German public news organization DW
The Big Gains for Women’s Rights in the Middle East, Explained
July 2018 analysis from the Washington Post

CHILD LABOR / SLAVERY IN THE CHOCOLATE INDUSTRY (consumer movement to change labor practices)

The Dark Side of Chocolate : Child Trafficking and Illegal Child Labor in the Cocoa Industry
Documentary film from 2010
Some Chocolate has a Dark Side to it – Child Labor
2022 article from The Conversation
Chocolate Gets Sweeter: How Consumer Outrage is Reducing Child Labor in Ghana
November 2015 article from The Christian Science Monitor
Mars, Nestlé and Hershey to Face Child Slavery Lawsuit in US
2021 article from The Guardian

PROTESTS IN SUDAN (movement for economic and political reforms)

What Prompted the Protests in Sudan?
2018 background article from Al Jazeera that explains the origins of the protests
Dozens of Sudanese Officers "Arrested for Refusing to Use Violence Against Protesters"
June 2019 article from the Middle East Eye

#ME TOO MOVEMENT (movement to expose and stop sexual assault and harassment)

The 22-Year-Old Force Behind Egypt’s Growing #MeToo Movement
October 2, 2020 article from the NY Times
As Survivors Say #MeToo, What Will It Take To Stop Widespread Sexual Harassment?
Documentary film from 2018
A #MeToo Awakening Stirs in Iran
October 2020 article from the NY Times
Copenhagen Mayor Resigns Amid #MeToo Wave in Denmark
October 2020 article from the NY Times
An Uplifting Update, on the Terrible World of Pornhub
December 2020 opinion piece from the NY Times
# Me Too
A series of articles from The New Yorker magazine
Me Too
Website of the Me Too Movement

HONG KONG PROTESTS (2019-2020 pro-democracy protests in Hong Kong)

Why are There Protests in Hong Kong? All the Context You Need
July 2019 article from BBC News
9 Questions About the Hong Kong Protests You Were Too Embarrassed to Ask
August 22, 2019 article from Vox
How Months of Protests Have Unfolded in Hong Kong
August 2019 article from Bloomberg

CIVIC ENGAGEMENT AROUND IMMIGRANT DETENTION (movement to change the US policy of detaining immigrants and asylum seekers)

As Wayfair Workers Protest Migrant Detention, the Specter of a Consumer Boycott Rises
June 2019 article from the New York Times
El Éxodo Centroamericano: Resistance Through Solidarity
November 2018 article from the North American Congress on Latin America
In the Media: Al Otro Lado
A collection of news articles on the situation at the border and the work of Al Otro Lado, a "bi-national, direct legal services organization serving indigent deportees, migrants, and refugees in Tijuana, Mexico."

CHILD DETENTION AND FAMILY SEPARATION (movement to change U. S. immigration policy)

U. S. Detention of Child Migrants
March 2023 background information from the Council on Foreign Relations
Family Separation Under the Trump Administration – a Timeline
"Long before the Trump administration implemented its “zero tolerance” immigration enforcement policy in 2018, it was already separating children from their parents as part of a “pilot program” [in 2017]" --Southern Poverty Law Center
US: Family Separation Harming Children, Families
July 2019 report from Human Rights Watch
Family Separation Policy Enacted Despite Proof Kids Could Lose Parents Permanently, House Finds
October 2020 article from Forbes that includes a link to the House Judiciary Committee report.
Federal Agents are Expelling Asylum Seekers as Young as 8 Months from the Border, Citing COVID-19 Risks
August 2020 article from the Texas Tribune and Propublica

CLIMATE ACTIVISM (movement to reverse climate change)

Commuters Drag Climate Activists From London Trains
October 2019 article from the NY Times that discusses "video of one episode, filmed during disruptive action by the Extinction Rebellion group, illustrated the inflamed passions on both sides."

DOMESTIC VIOLENCE IN LATIN AMERICA

Latin America’s Radical Feminism Is Spreading
January 2020 opinion piece from the New York Times: "Women in Chile, Brazil, Argentina and elsewhere know: Stopping violence against women starts with politics and power."
Protesting Femicide in Mexico
In Mexico City, a march protesting the rise of hate crimes against women drew tens of thousands of people to the streets. Our correspondent followed the protest, which at times became violent." March 2020 video from the New York Times.

REVOLUTION IN BELARUS

I Was a Stay-at-Home Mom. Now I’m Leading a Revolution.
Svetlana Tikhanovskaya is a leader of the revolution in Belarus. Published September 23, 2020 in the NY Times

Belarus’s female revolution: how women rallied against Lukashenko
September 2020 article from The Guardian
Belarus Diary: One Protester’s Week on the Streets in Minsk
August 2020 article from the Washington Post
In Belarus, Women Led the Protests and Shattered Stereotypes
October 11, 2020 article from the NY Times

PRO-DEMOCRACY PROTESTS IN THAILAND

Riot Police Fire Water Cannons at Thai Protesters, video from Reuters and posted by the NY Times, October 16, 2020

Thailand Steps Up Response as Antigovernment Protests Escalate
October 16, 2020 article from the NY Times
‘We Have to Speak Out’: Thai Students Defy Protest Ban
October 18 2020 article from the NY Times

PRO FARMERS PROTEST IN INDIA

India Just Had the Biggest Protest in World History
December 2020 article from Slate
In the Cold and Rain, India’s Farmers Press Their Stand Against Modi
January 2021 article from the NY Times
Why Are India’s Farmers Angry?
Opinion piece from the January 14, 2021 NY Times
As Angry Farmers Take to New Delhi’s Streets, Protests Turn Violent
January 25, 2021 article from the NY Times
100 Days and 248 Deaths Later, Indian Farmers Remain Determined
March 2021 article from Al Jazeera interviews some of the protesters

PROTESTS AGAINST MILITARY COUP IN MYANMAR

What's Happening in Myanmar? Military Coup and Protests Explained Visually
March 2021 article from USA Today
Myanmar Protesters Answer Military’s Bullets With an Economic Shutdown
March 2021 article from the NY Times

GENDER-BASED VIOLENCE

Facts and FIgures: Ending VIolence Against Women
November 2020 article from the United Nations
Transforming the Culture of Power: An Examination of Gender-Based Violence in the United States
2019 report from the Center for American Progress
After Sarah Everard’s Killing, Women’s Groups Want Change, Not More Policing
March 2021 article from the NY Times proposes strategies for solving the issue

DISABILITY RIGHTS MOVEMENTS--After reading some background articles (see below), you should focus your research on a particular country or a particular type of disability.

Disability Rights
Scroll through this page from Human Rights Watch for articles from around the world on a variety of disability rights issues.
Ethical and Societal Perspectives
This 2014 background article from the encyclopedia Bioethics discusses the concept of disability from a very broad perspective.
‘Nothing About Us Without Us’: 16 Moments in the Fight for Disability Rights
Focusing on the United States, this 2020 article from the NY Times highlights the diverity encompassed in the term "disability"

CHILD MARRIAGE IN THE UNITED STATES

‘Why Is Child Marriage Still Legal?’: A Young Lawmaker Tackles a Hidden Problem
In-depth article from Politico, January 2022
A Closer Look at Child Marriage in California
November 2021 article from USC Annenberg Media

American Child Bride by Nicholas L. Syrett
Call Number: eBook
Publication Date: 2016
See the epilogue for a discussion of modern child marriage.

HOUSING INEQUITY / REDLINING

Five Policy Solutions to Advance Racial Equity in Housing
from Habitat for Humanity
Redlining: How Can We Remedy It?
Blog post from Bellweather Housing, a housing non-profit in Seattle
Reversing the Residual Effects of Redlining
Brief article from the National League of Cities
Community Groups Offer Redlining Solutions to Philadelphia City Council
2018 news article from The Center for Investigative Reporting

The Keys to Ensuring a New Anti-Redlining Initiative Succeeds
2021 opinion piece from the Washington Post

U. S. Detention of Child Migrants
March 2023 background information from the Council on Foreign Relations

Past movements

PELICAN BAY PRISON STRIKES (2013 movement in response to solitary confinement and inhumane treatment in prison)

Prison Hunger Strikes
Article from Crime and Punishment in America: An Encyclopedia of Trends and Controversies in the Justice System
How California Prison Hunger Strikes Sparked Solitary Confinement Reforms
Septemeber 2015 article from Counterpunch
Ashker v. Brown
Overview article on the class action lawsuit brought by inmates of Pelican Bay State Prison

OCCUPY WALL STREET (2011-12 movement in response to corporate power)

Occupy Wall Street (OWS)
Overview article from Encyclopedia of American Recessions and Depressions
Occupy Wall Street website
Occupy and Organize
2015 article from The Nation proposing a new movement is needed

TIANANMEN SQUARE PROTESTS / STUDENT MOVEMENT (1989 protest of government censorship)

Tiananmen Square Protest
Overview article from Human and Civil Rights: Essential Primary Sources
Declassified: Tiananmen Square (film)
Using seldom-shown footage and declassified diplomatic sources, this program provides details on the unforgettable demonstrations in Beijing’s Tiananmen Square, a place where a movement was born—and then killed.
The Great Forgetting: 20 Years after Tiananmen Square
2009 article from the Chronicle of Higher Education

ANTI-APARTHEID MOVEMENT (approx.1950-1990)

Apartheid
Overview article from New Dictionary of the History of Ideas
Anti-apartheid Movement
Overview article from the Encyclopedia of Race and Racism
Solidarity Across Borders: The Transnational Anti-Apartheid Movement
2006 article from Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary & Nonprofit Organizations.

UNITED FARM WORKERS (UFW) (most active in the 1960s and 1970s)

United Farm Workers
Website of the United Farm Workers. See the links under the Research tab for articles on the UFW's history as well as audio, video, and photos.
Overview of the UFW
A brief overview of the creation and work of the UFW from the encyclopedia Ethnic & Racial Relations in America
The Rise of the UFW
A history of the UFW that focuses on it's beginnings.
Formation of the Union: "United Farm Workers"
Brief history of the UFW that focuses on the origins of the union. Article from American Countercultures: An Encyclopedia of Nonconformists, Alternative Lifestyles, and Radical Ideas in U.S. History.
El Teatro Campesino
Brief overview of the founding of El Teatro Campesino by Luis Valdez and the importance of the theater to the farmworkers' movement. From Latinos in the American Political System: An Encyclopedia of Latinos as Voters, Candidates, and Office Holders.
El Macriado: "Bill Esher Helped Give Farm Workers a Voice with El Malcriado"
History of the farmworkers' newspaper, El Macriado, which was published from 1965-1976.
Grape Boycott: "Delano Grape Strike"
Article on the grape strike and the grape boycott from Article is from Racial & Ethnic Relations in America.
Dolores Huerta: The Civil Rights Icon Who Showed Farmworkers 'Sí Se Puede'
A 2017 interview on NPR with Dolores Huerta, the UFW leader most responsible for the successful nationwide grape boycott.
Workers' Strikes: "When Mexicans and Filipinos Joined Together"
This article explains the worker's strikes organized by Filipino farm workers and how they eventually joined with the Mexican farm workers to form the UFW.
Marches: "The March to Sacramento"
A first person account of the 340-mile march from Delano to Sacramento by the UFW and supporters in 1966. Published on the Farmworker Movement Documentation Project of the UC San Diego Library: https://libraries.ucsd.edu/farmworkermovement/

Vigils: Cesar Chavez and the United Farm Workers
This section from the book God's Heart has no Borders discusses the importance of religion and vigils to the UFW movement.

Negociations with Growers: "The Grower Who Made it Happen"
Profile of Lionel Steinberg, the first table grape grower to agree to a contract with the fledgling United Farm Workers union. Article from the UC San Diego Library's Farmworker Movement Documentation Project. https://libraries.ucsd.edu/farmworkermovement/
Legislation: "The Death of the Short Handled Hoe"
Excerpt from the book Fight in the Fields about the fight to abolish the use of the short handled hoe, which was finally outlawed in California in 1975 due to the efforts of the UFW.

The Front Page Farm Workers: The Relationship Between the United Farm Workers and the Print Media During the Delano Grape Strike of 1965-1970
How the UFW stratigically got coverage in major newspapers to gain support across the country.